Kaart: Editing objects in OSM/sandbox

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Introduction

In OpenStreetMap(OSM), every object is made up of simple parts: nodes, ways, and polygons. As a collective, these can be referred to as elements. Nodes, ways, and polygons are the basic building blocks of OSM and influence how users view the map. Starting with the most basic data, a node is a simple point. Mulitple nodes connected in a string are called ways. These can be linear, having a starting point and a stopping point, or they could connect onto itself creating a polygon. Some objects in OSM can only be mapped using nodes, ways, or polygons; other objects can be mapped by one or more types of OSM element.

Prerequisites

An OSM supported editing software such as JOSM, ID Editor or Rapid.

Skill Instruction

Definitions and Examples

Nodes Geographical points in space that are identified by unique coordinates. They can be standalone as small features represented by a single points or they can be connected to other nodes to create a way. In some instances a node may also be referred to as a point.

Examples:

  • Places such as towns and cities.
  • Small features like trees, small monuments, and power poles.
  • Address points
Ways Series of connected nodes that can represent linear ways. When a way connects onto itself, this forms a closed way(polygon).

Examples:

  • Highways
  • Linear waterways like streams
  • Runways and taxiways
Polygons Enclosed areas created by closed ways.

Examples:

  • Landuse areas such as meadows, quarries, farmland, etc.
  • Inland water features like ponds and lakes.
  • Building geometries

How to Add Objects in OSM

There are various editing platforms you can use to edit OSM. This will page will cover the more prominent ones: JOSM, ID Editor and Rapid.

JOSM

To add objects in JOSM:

  • Start by downloading data in a new layer.
  • Use the hotkey A or click the Draw nodes tool on the toolbar to enable the drawing tool.

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  • With your mouse, point and click where you would like to place your first node. This will stat a new way.
    • Double click to add just a point.

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  • Move your mouse to your next point and click to add another node. This will create a way.

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  • Continue adding points until your new geometry is complete.
    • Attach the last node to the first node to make a polygon.

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  • Double click the last node or hit Esc to stop drawing.

JOSM has a lot of tools that can make adding different types of features a lot easier. (links?)

ID Editor/Rapid

ID Editor/Rapid use the same base editor so a lot of their features are the same.

To add objects in ID/Rapid:

  • Decide if you want to add a point, line or area. These can be found at the top.

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  • To add a point:
    • Click on Point or use the hotkey 1.
    • Click where you want to add a point.

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  • To add a line:
    • Click on Line or use the hotkey 2.
    • Click where you want to start the way, then continue to add points until the way is complete.
      • Double click or use Esc to stop drawing.

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  • To add an area:
    • Click on Area or use the hotkey 3.
    • Click where you want to start the area, then continue to add points until the area is complete.
      • Double click or use Esc to stop drawing.

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Practical Application

Learning how to use each of these elements to accurately tag irl features in OSM is part of the learning experience. Take the time to learn what tags are used with each element and how these elements work together to build a map that can be used by consumers.

Suggested Bookmarks

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